This section focuses on an overview of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate as well as its manufacturing processes and uses. Also, please check out the introduction to cis-3-hexenyl butyrate manufacturers, supply chain issues, cis-3-hexenyl butyrate suppliers, and cis-3-hexenyl butyrate prices. Sinofi can help you buy high-quality cis-3-hexenyl butyrate in bulk for your industry applications at wholesale prices based on FEMA 3402 and CAS 16491-36-4.
Table of Contents
What is Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate?
Cis-3-hexenyl butyrate is an organic compound in the ester family that plays a significant role in natural aromas and flavours. It is responsible for some of the most recognizable scents in nature and has found widespread application in the fragrance and food industries. Cis-3-hexenyl butyrate, chemically known as [(Z)-hex-3-enyl] butanoate, is formed through the esterification of cis-3-hexenol (also called leaf alcohol) with butyric acid. It consists of a six-carbon chain with a double bond in the cis configuration at the third position, connected to a four-carbon butyrate group through an ester linkage. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), cis-3-hexenyl butyrate is approved to be used in the food, flavour, cosmetic, and fragrance industries. It has also been evaluated by relevant regulatory authorities like JECFA, EUR-Lex, RIFM, ECHACHEM, NIST, and WHO. The IFRA Transparency List provides a guideline to ensure the use of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate in food, flavour, cosmetic, and fragrance industries.
Natural Occurrence and Biosynthesis
Cis-3-hexenyl butyrate occurs naturally in numerous plants, fruits, and vegetables. It is particularly abundant in:
- Green leaves of various plants. It contributes to the characteristic “green” smell released when leaves are crushed or cut.
- Fruits such as apples, pears, bananas, and strawberries.
- Vegetables, including tomatoes and bell peppers.
- Herbs like mint and basil.
In plants, this compound is produced through the lipoxygenase pathway, which is activated when plant tissues are damaged. This biosynthetic process serves as a defense mechanism, releasing volatile compounds that can attract beneficial insects or repel herbivores.
Sensory Characteristics
Cis-3-hexenyl butyrate is renowned for its distinctive organoleptic properties. It possesses a fresh, green, fruity aroma with sweet and slightly herbaceous notes. The scent is often described as reminiscent of:
- Fresh-cut grass
- Green apple skin
- Ripe banana
- Fresh leaves
The compound has a relatively low odour threshold, meaning even small concentrations can be detected by the human nose, making it particularly valuable in fragrance applications.
CAS No.: 16491-36-4
According to the American Chemical Society, the CAS number of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate is 16491-36-4.
CAS Name: cis-3-Hexenyl Butanoate
Molecular Formula: C10H18O2
Molecular Mass: 170.25
Appearance: Colourless, clear liquid
Boiling Point: 191.00 to 192.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Solubility: Soluble in alcohol and propylene glycol, and slightly soluble in water.
Other Names:
♦ 3-Hexenyl Butyrate, Cis-
♦ Beta,Gamma-Hexenyl Butyrate
♦ Butanoic Acid, (3z)-3-Hexenyl Ester
♦ Butyric Acid, 3-Hexenyl Ester, (Z)-
♦ 3-Hexenyl Butanoate, Cis-
♦ 3-Hexenyl Butanoate, (Z)-
♦ 3-Hexenyl Butyrate, (Z)-
♦ cis-3-Hexenyl butyrate
♦ cis-Hex-3-en-1-yl butyrate
♦ Pipol Butyrate
Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate Odour
Fresh, green apple, fruity and vegetative with fleshy grape nuances.
FEMA Number 3402
According to the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA), the number of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate is FEMA 3402.
Bulk Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate Manufacturers
The global network of bulk cis-3-hexenyl butyrate manufacturers constitutes a sophisticated supply chain that serves diverse industries worldwide. Bulk cis-3-hexenyl butyrate manufacturers like Givaudan represent a significant European presence in the bulk manufacturing sector. They offer worldwide regional availability of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate with a minimum assay of 98%, featuring organoleptic descriptors of fruity, buttery, fresh, green, apple, metallic, and wine characteristics. Several Asian cis-3-hexenyl butyrate manufacturers, including companies based in China and India, serve both domestic and export markets, particularly supporting the growing Asia-Pacific demand. As consumer preferences continue to drive demand for natural and high-quality ingredients, bulk cis-3-hexenyl butyrate manufacturers who can adapt to these trends while maintaining competitive costs and reliable supply will likely achieve the greatest success in this dynamic market.
Sinofi is a bulk manufacturer of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate in China, and we have a manufacturing facility with 2,500 square meters for the production of synthetic and natural cis-3-hexenyl butyrate. We supply high-quality cis-3-hexenyl butyrate at bulk prices and serve food, flavour, cosmetic, and fragrance industries worldwide.
Manufacturing Process of Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate
The manufacturing of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate represents a well-established industrial process with multiple synthetic routes available depending on raw material availability and product specifications. The direct esterification method remains the most widely used approach due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness.
Raw Materials and Precursors
Primary Starting Materials
cis-3-Hexen-1-ol (Leaf Alcohol): The primary alcohol component can be obtained through several routes:
- Natural extraction from green plant materials.
- Biotechnological production using engineered microorganisms.
- Chemical synthesis from petrochemical feedstocks.
- Semi-synthetic preparation from natural precursors.
Butyric Acid: The carboxylic acid component is typically sourced from:
- Fermentation processes use specific bacterial strains.
- Chemical oxidation of butanol.
- Recovery from dairy industry byproducts.
- Synthetic production from petrochemical intermediates.
Manufacturing Processes
Direct Esterification
Process Overview: The most common industrial method involves the direct esterification of cis-3-hexen-1-ol with butyric acid in the presence of an acid catalyst.
Reaction Mechanism:
cis-3-Hexen-1-ol + Butyric Acid → cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate + Water
Transesterification Route
When butyric acid is not readily available, transesterification using methyl butyrate or ethyl butyrate can be employed.
Process Description:
- React cis-3-hexen-1-ol with methyl butyrate.
- Use titanium isopropoxide or sodium methoxide as a catalyst.
- Remove methanol by distillation to drive reaction completion.
- Purify the final product by fractional distillation.
Quality Control and Analysis
Analytical Methods
Gas Chromatography (GC)
- Primary method for purity determination.
- Typical purity specification: ≥95%.
- Detection of isomeric impurities and unreacted starting materials
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
- Structural confirmation
- Identification of stereochemical purity (cis vs. trans)
- Quantitative analysis of impurities
Physical Property Testing
- Refractive index measurement
- Density determination
- Boiling point verification
- Organoleptic evaluation (odour profile)
As the demand for natural flavours and fragrances continues to grow, manufacturers are increasingly focusing on sustainable production methods, improved process efficiency, and biotechnological innovations. The future of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate production will likely see greater integration of green chemistry principles and renewable feedstock utilization.
Bulk Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate Suppliers
The bulk cis-3-hexenyl butyrate supplier landscape is characterized by a diverse mix of specialized chemical manufacturers, fragrance houses, and global distributors serving multiple industries. Top cis-3-hexenyl butyrate suppliers like Givaudan stand out as bulk manufacturers, suppliers, and exporters, taking pride in delivering exceptional-quality products to a global market. They specialize in providing high-quality cis-3-hexenyl butyrate for various applications.
Sinofi is a bulk cis-3-hexenyl butyrate supplier in China, and we have a warehouse with 1,200 square meters for high-quality cis-3-hexenyl butyrate. We sell synthetic and natural grades of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate at wholesale prices to food, flavour, cosmetic, and fragrance manufacturers.
Supply Chain of Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate
The cis-3-hexenyl butyrate supply chain represents a sophisticated global network that balances complex technical requirements with evolving market demands.
Raw Material Suppliers
The supply chain begins with the provision of fundamental chemical precursors required for synthesis. The primary raw materials include:
- Butyric acid derivatives: Essential for the ester formation.
- Cis-3-hexen-1-ol: The alcohol component that provides the characteristic green note.
- Catalysts and solvents: Required for the esterification process.
Primary Manufacturers
The manufacturing landscape features both large multinational corporations and specialized chemical companies, like Givaudan and Takasago.
Distribution Channels
The supply chain utilizes multiple distribution pathways:
- Direct sales to large end-users
- Speciality chemical distributors
- Regional fragrance and flavor houses
- Online chemical marketplaces
End-User Applications
Primary Applications
- Fragrance Industry: Used in perfumes, cosmetics, and personal care products.
- Flavour Industry: Applications in food and beverage formulations.
- Personal Care: Incorporated in soaps, shampoos, and skincare products.
End-User Industries
- Perfumery and cosmetics
- Food and beverage manufacturing
- Household products
- Industrial fragrances
- Aromatherapy and wellness products
Success in this market requires a deep understanding of both chemical manufacturing processes and consumer preferences across diverse geographic regions.
Wholesale and Buy Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate in Bulk
Successful bulk purchasing requires careful consideration of quality specifications, supplier credentials, storage requirements, and market dynamics. Buyers of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate should consider factors such as production capacity, quality certifications, regulatory compliance, global distribution capabilities, and technical support services. By working with established suppliers and maintaining focus on quality, they can effectively leverage this compound’s potential to enhance their product offerings and market position.
Evaluation Criteria for Suppliers
When selecting a bulk supplier, consider:
- Quality certifications and testing capabilities
- Supply chain reliability and consistency
- Technical support and documentation
- Competitive pricing and payment terms
- Geographic reach and shipping capabilities
- Regulatory compliance and safety records
As a bulk manufacturer and supplier of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate in China, we supply high-quality cis-3-hexenyl butyrate for the food, flavour, cosmetic, and fragrance industries. We also wholesale cis-3-hexenyl butyrate to small customers. Normally, they want to buy cis-3-hexenyl butyrate in small quantities. To serve them, we can wholesale cis-3-hexenyl butyrate at bulk prices and provide a one-stop purchasing service.
Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate Prices (USD/Kg)
Food Grade Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate Prices (FCC, GC Content >=99.0%)
| Volume | Unit Price | Shipment |
| 50g | 19 USD | Express |
| 500g | 95 USD | Express |
| 1Kg | 135 USD/Kg | Express |
| 20Kg | 20% cheaper | Express |
| 100Kg-Above | negotiable | Express / Sea |
Food Grade Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate Natural Prices (FCC, GC Content >=95.0%)
| Volume | Unit Price | Shipment |
| 50g | 91 USD | Express |
| 500g | 455 USD | Express |
| 1Kg | 650 USD/Kg | Express |
| 20Kg | 20% cheaper | Express |
| 100Kg-Above | negotiable | Express / Sea |
The pricing of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate varies significantly across different regions, influenced by local demand patterns, manufacturing capacity, and distribution networks. The prices of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate are heavily influenced by purity, with different grades commanding distinct price points. The compound features a minimum 98% purity and specific isomer ratio control for optimal sensory properties, with higher purity grades typically commanding premium prices. Natural cis-3-hexenyl butyrate prices are much higher than those of synthetic types.
Furthermore, the above price quotations of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate, especially for small orders, do not include the express shipping fee. The reason is that the shipment cost of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate may exceed the value of the sample. However, the bulk wholesale prices of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate will be much lower than those of small orders. Please contact us for more details.
Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate Uses
Fragrance Uses
Cis-3-hexenyl butyrate is a valuable ingredient in the perfumery industry, contributing fresh, green, and fruity top notes to various fragrance compositions.
Fine Fragrances
Used in floral, fresh, and green fragrance families to provide natural, outdoorsy characteristics. It pairs well with other green notes like hexyl acetate and benzyl acetate to create complex, layered scents.
Functional Fragrances
Incorporated into household products, personal care items, and air fresheners to impart a clean, fresh scent reminiscent of nature and cleanliness.
Cosmetic Products
Added to shampoos, body washes, lotions, and other personal care products to enhance their sensory appeal and provide a refreshing experience.
Flavor Uses
In the food and beverage sector, cis-3-hexenyl butyrate functions as a flavouring agent.
Fruit Flavors
Enhances apple, pear, and green fruit flavour profiles in various applications, including beverages, confectionery, and baked goods.
Natural Flavour Systems
Used to recreate the fresh, green notes found in natural fruits and vegetables, particularly in products marketed as having natural or fresh characteristics.
Beverage Uses
Incorporated into fruit juices, flavoured waters, and alcoholic beverages to provide authentic fruit notes and enhance overall flavour complexity.
Agricultural Uses
The compound has found applications in agricultural science and pest management.
Plant Communication Studies
Researchers use cis-3-hexenyl butyrate to study plant-to-plant communication because it’s one of the volatile compounds plants release under stress.
Biological Research
Serves as a model compound for understanding how plants respond to herbivore damage and environmental stressors.
Safety and Regulatory Considerations
Cis-3-hexenyl butyrate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food applications when used in appropriate concentrations. However, like all chemical substances, proper handling and usage guidelines must be followed:
- Food Use: Approved for use as a flavouring agent in many countries, with typical usage levels ranging from 0.1 to 10 ppm.
- Cosmetic Use: Considered safe for topical application in cosmetic formulations.
- Workplace Safety: Requires standard chemical handling precautions, including proper ventilation and protective equipment.
As consumer preferences continue to evolve toward more natural and sustainable products, the role of compounds like cis-3-hexenyl butyrate in creating appealing sensory experiences while meeting regulatory and environmental requirements will remain crucial.
Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate Benefits
Fragrance Benefits
Natural Green Notes
Cis-3-hexenyl butyrate provides authentic green, leafy fragrances that are difficult to replicate with other compounds. This makes it invaluable for creating fresh, outdoor-inspired scents in perfumes, colognes, and household products.
Stability and Longevity
The compound exhibits good stability under normal storage conditions and provides lasting fragrance performance in formulated products. Its molecular structure allows for controlled release of aroma over extended periods.
Blending Versatility
Fragrance designers appreciate cis-3-hexenyl butyrate for its ability to harmonize with both floral and citrus notes, creating complex, well-rounded scent profiles that appeal to diverse consumer preferences.
Flavor Benefits
Food and Beverage Enhancement
In the food industry, cis-3-hexenyl butyrate serves as a natural flavouring agent that adds fresh, fruity notes to various products. It’s particularly effective in apple and pear-flavoured items, beverages, and confectionery products.
Clean Label Compatibility
As consumer demand for natural ingredients increases, this compound offers manufacturers a way to achieve desired flavour profiles while maintaining clean label credentials, especially when derived from natural sources.
Cosmetic and Personal Care Benefits
Sensory Enhancement
The compound enhances the sensory experience of cosmetic products by delivering pleasant, fresh fragrances that increase user satisfaction and product appeal.
Multi-functional Properties
Beyond fragrance, cis-3-hexenyl butyrate can contribute to the overall stability of cosmetic formulations and may offer mild antimicrobial properties, though this application requires careful formulation consideration.
Cis-3-Hexenyl Butyrate Used in Flavour and Fragrance
A Guava Flavour
Include the following ingredients (by weight):
Ethyl maltol, 1 part; Methyl cinnamate, 0.5 part; Trans-2-hexenal, 0.02 part; Ethyl dihydrodamascone, 0.3 part; Benzaldehyde, 0.2 part; Phenylethanol, 0.06 part; gamma-Decalactone, 0.3 part; Eugenol, 0.07 part; gamma-Undecanolactone, 0.05 part; Styralyl propionate, 0.15 part; Methyl benzoate, 0.3 part; Hexyl acetate, 0.02 part; Hexanal propylene glycol acetal, 0.035 part; Octyl alcohol, 0.27 part; cis-3-Hexenyl acetate, 1 part; Styraldehyde acetate, 1.6 parts; cis-3-Hexenyl butyrate, 0.8 part; Phenethyl acetate, 0.6 part; Dodecyl acetate, 0.3 parts; Ethyl acetate, 0.3 parts; Ethyl butyrate, 0.3 parts; Trans-2-hexenal propylene glycol acetal, 0.3 parts; Benzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal, 0.26 parts; Buchu mercaptan, 0.09 parts; Propylene glycol, 92.5 parts; Vitamin E, 0.08 parts; Soy lecithin, 0.5 parts.
The production method comprises the following steps:
- Step 1. Add ethyl maltol, methyl cinnamate, and vitamin E to propylene glycol at a formula amount of 40%, heat to 65°C in a water bath, stir until dissolved, cool, and obtain a premix.
- Step 2. Clean the preparation container and pipeline with propylene glycol with a formula amount of 10%, add the remaining propylene glycol, add the premix while stirring at a stirring speed of 87r/min, add other raw materials in turn, continue to stir and mix for 45 minutes, and obtain the final guava flavour.
In conclusion, cis-3-hexenyl butyrate represents a valuable compound that bridges the gap between natural appeal and functional performance. Its unique combination of sensory benefits, versatility, safety, and environmental compatibility makes it an excellent choice for manufacturers seeking to enhance their products while meeting consumer expectations for quality and sustainability. As a bulk manufacturer and supplier of cis-3-hexenyl butyrate in China, we sell synthetic and natural grades at wholesale prices to large manufacturers and small customers worldwide.