This section provides an overview of ascorbyl palmitate, covering its manufacturing processes and regulatory status, applications in oils, food, beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceutical industries. Also, please check out the introduction to ascorbyl palmitate manufacturers, supply chain issues, ascorbyl palmitate suppliers, and ascorbyl palmitate prices. Sinofi can help you buy ascorbyl palmitate at bulk wholesale prices based on E304i and CAS 137-66-6.
Table of Contents
What is Ascorbyl Palmitate?
Ascorbyl palmitate, a fat-soluble ester derived from ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and palmitic acid, has garnered significant attention in the oils, food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries due to its unique combination of antioxidant properties and fat solubility. Unlike its parent compound, ascorbic acid, ascorbyl palmitate can be incorporated into lipid-based systems, making it a versatile ingredient for applications where water-soluble antioxidants are ineffective. Ascorbyl palmitate consists of an ascorbic acid moiety esterified at the C-6 hydroxyl position with palmitic acid, a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid chain. The presence of the long hydrocarbon chain from palmitic acid imparts lipophilicity to the molecule, while the ascorbic acid portion retains its characteristic enediol structure responsible for antioxidant activity. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), ascorbyl palmitate is approved to be used as an antioxidant in the oils, food, flavour, and fragrance industries.
Regulatory Status and Safety Considerations
Ascorbyl palmitate has been evaluated by major regulatory bodies like JECFA, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, ECHACHEM, and WHO. It has an established safety profile supported by extensive toxicological evaluation. The acceptable daily intake has not been numerically specified, as toxicity concerns are minimal at typical exposure levels. Upon ingestion, ascorbyl palmitate undergoes hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal tract, releasing ascorbic acid and palmitic acid, both of which are naturally occurring substances metabolized through normal physiological pathways. For fragrance applications in cosmetic and personal care products, ascorbyl palmitate is permitted for use without significant restrictions in major markets. It appears on positive lists where applicable and has an established safety record supporting its cosmetic use. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review has assessed ascorbyl palmitate as safe for use in cosmetic formulations, providing additional assurance for fragrance applications in this sector. The International Fragrance Association has not identified restrictions on ascorbyl palmitate use in fragrance applications, and it does not appear on restricted or prohibited lists maintained by regulatory bodies governing fragrance safety. This favorable regulatory positioning simplifies formulation decisions and supports global product development. The fragrance standard of ascorbyl palmitate has been set by organizations such as IFRA.
Stability Considerations in Formulation
Food research engineers and formulation scientists must address several factors when incorporating ascorbyl palmitate into products. Protection from light through appropriate packaging, minimization of metal ion contamination, and control of processing temperatures are essential for maintaining product quality. The use of chelating agents such as EDTA or citric acid can mitigate metal-catalyzed degradation. Furthermore, nitrogen blanketing during processing and storage helps exclude oxygen and preserve antioxidant efficacy.
CAS No.: 137-66-6
According to the American Chemical Society, the CAS number of ascorbyl palmitate is 137-66-6.
CAS Name: Ascorbyl Palmitate
Molecular Formula: C22H38O7
Molecular Mass: 414.53
Appearance: White or yellowish-white powder with a citrus odor.
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: Yes
Melting Point: 107.00 to 117.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohols.
Other Names:
♦ L-Ascorbic acid, 6-hexadecanoate
♦ L-Ascorbic acid, 6-palmitate
♦ Palmitic acid, 6-ester with ascorbic acid
♦ Palmitoyl L-ascorbic acid
♦ Ascorbylpalmitic acid
♦ L-Ascorbyl palmitate
♦ Ascorbyl monopalmitate
♦ 6-Monopalmitoyl-L-ascorbate
♦ Ascorbic palmitate
♦ 6-O-Palmitoylascorbic acid
♦ 6-Palmitoylascorbic acid
♦ Ascorbic acid palmitate
♦ L-Ascorbyl 6-palmitate
♦ 6-Hexadecanoyl-L-ascorbic acid
♦ L-Ascorbyl monopalmitate
♦ Ascorbyl 6-palmitate
♦ Ascorbic acid 6-palmitate
♦ 6-Palmitate-L-ascorbic acid
♦ 6-O-Palmitoyl-L-ascorbic acid
♦ E 304i
E Number: E304i
According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the E number of ascorbyl palmitate is E304 (i).
Ascorbyl Palmitate Odor
Odor Description: At 100.00 %, citrus.
Bulk Ascorbyl Palmitate Manufacturers
The bulk ascorbyl palmitate production features a competitive landscape comprising multinational corporations, specialized chemical producers, and regional manufacturers. Top ascorbyl palmitate manufacturers like DSM-Firmenich and BASF stand as the market’s dominant forces, leveraging deep research capabilities, product quality, and comprehensive global distribution. Their facilities emphasize sustainability credentials with significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to alternative sources. China hosts a substantial concentration of bulk ascorbyl palmitate manufacturers that have become integral to global supply chains. These manufacturers typically compete on cost efficiency while working to meet international quality certifications. They have developed integrated production capabilities spanning oils, fragrance, food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic grade products.
Sinofi is a bulk ascorbyl palmitate manufacturer in China, and we have a manufacturing facility with 2,500 square meters for the production of ascorbyl palmitate. We supply high-quality ascorbyl palmitate at bulk prices and serve oils, food, beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceutical industries worldwide.
Manufacturing Process of Ascorbyl Palmitate
The manufacturing of ascorbyl palmitate represents a compelling intersection of organic chemistry, process engineering, and increasingly, biocatalysis. While acid-catalyzed esterification remains the industrial standard, enzymatic approaches offer promising advantages in selectivity, environmental impact, and product purity.
Chemical Synthesis Methods
Sulfuric Acid-Catalyzed Esterification
The predominant industrial method for ascorbyl palmitate production employs concentrated sulfuric acid as both catalyst and reaction medium. The traditional esterification process of ascorbic acid with palmitic acid involves several steps. Firstly, palmitic acid and sulfuric acid are combined in a reaction vessel to dissolve the palmitic acid. Then, ascorbic acid is added to the mixture, and stirring continues under controlled conditions.
The general reaction scheme proceeds as follows:
L-Ascorbic Acid + Palmitic Acid → L-Ascorbyl Palmitate + H₂O
Alternative Chemical Methods
Beyond sulfuric acid catalysis, several alternative chemical approaches have been developed. The palmitoyl chloride method involves condensing palmitoyl chloride with ascorbic acid using pyridine as a dehydrochlorinating agent, which is particularly suitable for cosmetic-grade formulations. Hydrofluoric acid catalysis represents another industrial option, though environmental and safety considerations have limited its widespread adoption.
Enzymatic Synthesis
Biocatalytic Approach Overview
Enzymatic synthesis has emerged as an attractive alternative to chemical methods, aligning with green chemistry principles while offering superior regioselectivity. Chemical synthesis process results in the formation of a mixture of products as ascorbic acid is prone to oxidation, degradation, and rearrangements under harsh chemical reaction conditions. This necessitates multi-step purification, which leads to low yields of product.
Lipase-catalyzed esterification offers several advantages: milder reaction conditions (typically 40-80°C versus elevated temperatures in acid catalysis), higher regioselectivity for the desired 6-O-ester isomer, reduced by-product formation, and environmental sustainability.
Bulk Ascorbyl Palmitate Suppliers
The bulk ascorbyl palmitate supply offers numerous options for manufacturers across the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors. Top ascorbyl palmitate suppliers like DSM-Firmenich and BASF typically focus on food, pharmaceutical-grade, and specialty applications. While pricing tends to be higher, these suppliers often provide enhanced documentation, traceability, and compliance with stringent European regulatory frameworks. China remains the largest source of bulk ascorbyl palmitate, with suppliers offering competitive pricing due to established manufacturing infrastructure and access to raw materials
Sinofi is a bulk ascorbyl palmitate supplier in China, and we have a warehouse with 1,200 square meters for high-quality ascorbyl palmitate. We sell different grades of ascorbyl palmitate at wholesale prices, serving end-users in oils, food, beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceutical industries.
Supply Chain of Ascorbyl Palmitate
The ascorbyl palmitate supply chain represents a complex system connecting raw material origins in agricultural and oleochemical sectors through chemical manufacturing and distribution to diverse end-use applications.
Supply Chain Structure Overview
The ascorbyl palmitate supply chain follows a multi-tiered structure characteristic of specialty chemical products. The chain begins with primary raw material extraction and processing, proceeds through chemical synthesis and manufacturing, continues to distribution and logistics networks, and culminates in integration by end-use manufacturers.
Raw Material Supply
The production of ascorbyl palmitate requires two primary feedstocks: ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and palmitic acid. The supply dynamics of these raw materials significantly influence the overall supply chain. Ascorbic acid production is heavily concentrated in China, which accounts for approximately 90% of global output. Palmitic acid derives primarily from palm oil and palm kernel oil, positioning Malaysia and Indonesia as the dominant source countries.
Ascorbyl Palmitate Manufacturing
The synthesis of ascorbyl palmitate occurs through esterification, a chemical reaction that bonds ascorbic acid with palmitic acid. Manufacturing facilities employ various process technologies, with enzyme-catalyzed synthesis and chemical catalysis representing the predominant approaches. Enzyme-based processes offer selectivity advantages and operate under milder conditions, while chemical synthesis may provide higher throughput and lower catalyst costs.
Distribution and Trading
The distribution tier connects manufacturers with end-users through a network of trading companies, distributors, and logistics providers. This tier adds value through aggregation, inventory holding, quality verification, documentation services, and geographic accessibility.
End-User Integration
The supply chain concludes with the integration of ascorbyl palmitate into finished products by manufacturers in oils, food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic sectors. Each end-use category presents distinct supply chain requirements.
Wholesale and Buy Ascorbyl Palmitate in Bulk
Wholesale procurement of ascorbyl palmitate in bulk quantities demands a comprehensive approach encompassing specification definition, supplier identification and qualification, pricing negotiation, order planning, contract structuring, and ongoing relationship management. Ascorbyl palmitate buyers who invest in developing robust sourcing strategies and supplier relationships position their organizations to secure a reliable supply of quality material at competitive costs.
Understanding Product Specifications Before Purchasing
Effective bulk purchasing begins with a clear understanding of the product specifications required for your intended application. Ascorbyl palmitate is available in multiple grades, and selecting the appropriate grade prevents both overspending on unnecessarily high specifications and quality failures from inadequate material. Food-grade ascorbyl palmitate typically conforms to Food Chemicals Codex standards, with purity levels of 95% or higher and defined limits for heavy metals, arsenic, and residual solvents. This grade suits applications in edible oils, baked goods, and other food products where the compound functions as an antioxidant preservative. Cosmetic-grade ascorbyl palmitate occupies an intermediate position, with quality expectations varying based on formulation requirements and target market regulations.
Identifying Potential Wholesale Suppliers
The global supply base for bulk ascorbyl palmitate includes manufacturers, trading companies, and regional distributors, each offering distinct advantages depending on purchase volume, service requirements, and risk tolerance. Direct manufacturer relationships provide the most competitive pricing for large-volume purchases and offer the greatest transparency regarding production processes and quality systems. Trading companies and export agents facilitate access to manufacturing capacity without requiring direct relationships with production facilities. These intermediaries often maintain relationships with multiple manufacturers, providing flexibility and supply continuity.
Order Quantity Planning and Inventory Management
Determining appropriate order quantities requires balancing procurement economics with inventory management objectives. Larger orders typically secure better pricing but increase inventory investment, storage requirements, and risk of material degradation or obsolescence. Minimum order quantities vary by supplier type and represent a threshold consideration in supplier selection.
As a bulk ascorbyl palmitate manufacturer and supplier in China, we wholesale this ingredient to end users in oils, food, beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceutical industries. We also supply ascorbyl palmitate to small customers. Normally, they want to buy ascorbyl palmitate in small quantities. To serve them, we can sell ascorbyl palmitate at bulk prices and provide a one-stop purchasing service.
Ascorbyl Palmitate Prices (USD/Kg)
Food Grade Ascorbyl Palmitate Prices (BP/NF/FCC, GC Content >=98%)
| Volume | Unit Price | Shipment |
| 50g | 7 USD | Express |
| 500g | 37 USD | Express |
| 1Kg | 54 USD/Kg | Express |
| 20Kg | 30% cheaper | Express |
| 100Kg-Above | negotiable | Express / Sea |
Food-grade ascorbyl palmitate, representing approximately 69% of market volume, currently trades at $30-60 per kilogram after accounting for logistics, duties, and distribution margins. This represents a dramatic decline from the 2022 peak pricing, when global transaction data recorded prices ranging from $40 to $117 per kilogram. Pharmaceutical-grade ascorbyl palmitate commands a substantial premium of 50% above food-grade pricing, with current market prices ranging from $40-80 per kilogram depending on purity specifications and certification requirements. The premium reflects stringent quality demands, including USP, EP, and BP compliance, smaller batch sizes, and specialized handling protocols. Cosmetic-grade ascorbyl palmitate prices largely mirror food-grade at bulk levels, though cosmetic-specific certifications and higher purity specifications (≥98%) can add 10-20% premiums.
Furthermore, the above ascorbyl palmitate price quotations do not include the express shipping fee. The reason is that the shipment cost may exceed the sample value of ascorbyl palmitate. However, the bulk wholesale prices of ascorbyl palmitate will be much lower than those of small orders. Please contact us for more details.
Ascorbyl Palmitate Specification
| Appearance: | White or yellowish-white powder |
| Odor | Slightly citrus smell |
| Purity | >=98% |
| Acid Value (mg KOH/g) | <= 0.2 |
| Optical (Specific) Rotation[α] D 25 (°) | +21 – +24 |
| Melting Range (℃) | 107 – 117 |
| Loss on Drying (%) | <= 1.0 |
| Residue on Ignition (%) | <= 0.1 |
| Sulphated Ash (%) | <= 0.1 |
| Residual Solvent (%) | <= 0.5 |
| Arsenic (mg/kg) | <= 0.5 |
| Cadmium (mg/kg) | <= 0.5 |
| Lead (mg/kg) | <= 0.5 |
| Mercury(mg/kg) | <= 0.1 |
Ascorbyl Palmitate Uses
Ascorbyl palmitate demonstrates remarkable versatility across food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and specialty applications, with its unique combination of lipid solubility, antioxidant activity, and vitamin C functionality enabling diverse uses that water-soluble ascorbic acid cannot address.
Food Industry Applications
The food industry represents the largest application sector for ascorbyl palmitate, where the compound serves multiple functions related to product preservation and quality maintenance.
Lipid Oxidation Prevention
The primary food application involves preventing oxidative rancidity in fats, oils, and fat-containing products. Lipid oxidation produces undesirable flavours, odors, and potentially harmful compounds that diminish product quality and consumer acceptability. Ascorbyl palmitate interrupts this degradation process by scavenging free radicals that propagate oxidative chain reactions. The compound proves particularly effective in vegetable oils, shortening, lard, and products containing these ingredients, including baked goods, snack foods, and fried products.
Color Preservation
Beyond preventing rancidity, ascorbyl palmitate helps maintain the color stability of food products susceptible to oxidative discoloration. This application is particularly relevant for products containing carotenoids and other pigments vulnerable to oxidative degradation. The compound protects these color compounds from bleaching and deterioration, preserving the visual appeal that influences consumer purchasing decisions and product acceptability.
Vitamin Fortification
Ascorbyl palmitate contributes vitamin C activity when incorporated into food products, though this function is secondary to its antioxidant role in most applications. The compound can serve as a vitamin C source in fat-based products where water-soluble ascorbic acid would be incompatible or unstable. Regulatory frameworks in various jurisdictions recognize ascorbyl palmitate as a source of vitamin C for fortification and labeling purposes, though bioavailability considerations affect its equivalence to ascorbic acid.
Pharmaceutical Applications
The pharmaceutical industry employs ascorbyl palmitate in multiple capacities, leveraging both its antioxidant functionality and its vitamin C activity.
Excipient Function in Drug Formulations
Pharmaceutical manufacturers incorporate ascorbyl palmitate as an excipient in drug products to protect active pharmaceutical ingredients susceptible to oxidative degradation. Many drug compounds contain chemical structures vulnerable to oxidation, which can reduce potency, generate impurities, and compromise product stability. Including ascorbyl palmitate in formulations helps maintain drug integrity throughout manufacturing, storage, and the product’s shelf life.
The compound proves particularly valuable in lipid-based drug delivery systems, including soft gelatin capsules, lipid nanoparticles, and emulsion formulations. Its compatibility with lipid matrices and ability to function effectively in these environments make ascorbyl palmitate a preferred antioxidant for such applications.
Dietary Supplement Formulations
Ascorbyl palmitate appears as an active ingredient in vitamin C supplements, particularly those marketed as providing fat-soluble or lipid-compatible vitamin C delivery. Proponents suggest that the fat-soluble form offers advantages, including enhanced absorption, improved cellular uptake, and extended tissue retention compared to water-soluble ascorbic acid. These supplements target consumers seeking alternative vitamin C delivery mechanisms or those who experience gastrointestinal discomfort with conventional ascorbic acid supplementation.
Cosmetic and Personal Care Applications
The cosmetic industry has embraced ascorbyl palmitate as a functional ingredient addressing consumer demand for products that protect against skin aging and improve skin appearance.
Anti-Aging Formulations
Skin aging results partly from cumulative oxidative damage caused by environmental stressors, including ultraviolet radiation, pollution, and normal metabolic processes. Ascorbyl palmitate addresses this mechanism by neutralizing reactive oxygen species before they can damage cellular structures and degrade the collagen and elastin proteins that maintain skin firmness and elasticity. Anti-aging serums, creams, and lotions frequently incorporate it to provide antioxidant protection and support skin health. The stability of ascorbyl palmitate relative to ascorbic acid makes it particularly attractive for cosmetic formulations, which must maintain efficacy throughout extended shelf lives under variable storage conditions.
Skin Brightening Products
Ascorbyl palmitate contributes to skin brightening formulations through its ability to inhibit melanin production. The compound interferes with tyrosinase, the enzyme responsible for converting tyrosine to melanin, thereby reducing pigmentation and promoting a more even skin tone. Products targeting hyperpigmentation, age spots, and uneven complexion incorporate ascorbyl palmitate alongside other brightening agents to address these consumer concerns.
Sun Care Products
The antioxidant properties of ascorbyl palmitate provide value in sun care formulations, where the compound complements traditional ultraviolet filters. While ascorbyl palmitate does not absorb ultraviolet radiation directly, it helps neutralize the free radicals generated when sunlight interacts with skin tissue.
Animal Feed Applications
The animal nutrition industry utilizes ascorbyl palmitate as a feed additive, providing vitamin C supplementation and antioxidant protection. The compound’s stability during feed manufacturing processes, including exposure to heat and pressure during pelleting, makes it suitable for incorporation into processed animal feeds where ascorbic acid would suffer significant degradation. Aquaculture applications are particularly notable, as many fish species cannot synthesize vitamin C endogenously and require dietary supplementation. Ascorbyl palmitate provides a stable vitamin C source that withstands feed manufacturing and maintains potency during storage, ensuring that cultured fish receive adequate vitamin C nutrition.
Ascorbyl Palmitate Benefits
Ascorbyl palmitate offers a compelling array of benefits that have secured its position as a valued ingredient across food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Its superior stability compared to ascorbic acid, potent antioxidant activity, and synergistic enhancement of other protective compounds provide functional advantages that translate to improved product quality and extended shelf life.
Superior Stability Compared to Ascorbic Acid
One of the most significant benefits of ascorbyl palmitate is its enhanced stability relative to water-soluble ascorbic acid. Conventional vitamin C degrades rapidly when exposed to oxygen, light, heat, and moisture, limiting its effectiveness in many formulations and applications. Ascorbyl palmitate resists these degradation pathways more effectively, maintaining its potency and functionality under conditions that would rapidly diminish ascorbic acid activity. This stability advantage manifests throughout product lifecycles, from manufacturing through consumer use.
The stability benefit also extends to formulation flexibility. Product developers can incorporate ascorbyl palmitate into a broader range of formulation types, processing conditions, and packaging configurations without concern for rapid degradation.
Environmental and Formulation Benefits
Product developers realize practical benefits from the formulation characteristics of ascorbyl palmitate. The compound’s physical properties, including its waxy solid form at room temperature and its solubility in oils and lipid systems, facilitate incorporation into diverse product types. These handling characteristics simplify manufacturing processes and enable consistent product quality.
Ascorbyl Palmitate in Flavour and Fragrance Applications
The flavour and fragrance industry faces persistent challenges related to the oxidative instability of aroma compounds, which can significantly compromise product quality and shelf life. Ascorbyl palmitate, a fat-soluble ester of ascorbic acid and palmitic acid, has emerged as a valuable tool for formulation engineers seeking to protect sensitive flavour and fragrance materials from oxidative degradation. While this compound is perhaps better known for its applications in food preservation and cosmetics, its utility in stabilizing aroma systems deserves careful consideration by professionals working in flavour and fragrance development.
Applications in Flavour Formulations
Flavour formulation engineers employ ascorbyl palmitate across diverse product categories where oxidative stability concerns arise. The compound’s versatility and regulatory acceptance for food use make it a practical choice for protecting flavour integrity.
Citrus flavours represent a primary application area given the oxidative sensitivity of their characteristic terpene components. Limonene, the dominant component of orange and lemon oils, oxidizes readily to form carvone, carveol, and limonene oxide, which impart camphoraceous and musty notes incompatible with fresh citrus character. Ascorbyl palmitate incorporation helps maintain the bright, authentic citrus profile throughout product shelf life. Both natural citrus oils and their synthetic recreations benefit from this protection.
Flavours formulated for oil-based delivery systems particularly benefit from ascorbyl palmitate protection. Flavour oils designed for confectionery, baked goods, and savory applications exist in environments conducive to oxidation, with extended exposure to air and potentially elevated temperatures during manufacturing and storage. Including ascorbyl palmitate in these formulations provides ongoing protection that maintains flavour quality from production through consumption.
Encapsulated flavour systems, while providing some inherent protection through physical barriers, can still benefit from antioxidant incorporation. The encapsulation matrix may not completely exclude oxygen, and oxidation can occur at the interface between the flavour core and the encapsulating material. Adding ascorbyl palmitate to the flavour phase before encapsulation provides a secondary defense mechanism that complements the physical protection of the encapsulation technology.
Applications in Fragrance Formulations
Fragrance applications present distinct considerations compared to flavour use, though the fundamental protective mechanisms remain consistent. Fragrance formulation engineers leverage ascorbyl palmitate to address stability challenges specific to perfumery and scented product applications.
Fine fragrance formulations, which must maintain olfactory integrity throughout extended consumer use periods, benefit from antioxidant protection of their more vulnerable components. The top note materials that provide initial impact and freshness are often among the most oxidation-sensitive, and their degradation can fundamentally alter the fragrance’s opening impression. Protecting these materials helps ensure that the fragrance performs consistently from first application through the final use of the product.
A Peppercorn Flavoured Liquid for Tobacco Capsule
Step 1. Take propylene glycol (PG) and glycerin (VG) in a ratio of 7:3 and mix them. Stir continuously at a heating temperature of 50°C for at least 15 minutes to obtain the base liquid.
Step 2. Add 0.5% vitamin E, 0.2% ascorbyl palmitate, 5% pectin, and 3.3% β-cyclodextrin (all based on the weight of the base liquid) to the base liquid and continue stirring until the vitamin E and ascorbyl palmitate are completely dissolved.
Step 3. Take 30% peppercorn extract (based on the weight of the base liquid). Cool the liquid obtained in Step 2 to 40°C, and slowly add the peppercorn extract while continuously stirring at a speed of approximately 300 rpm.
In this step, before adding the peppercorn extract to the liquid obtained in Step 2, it can be encapsulated using lecithin liposomes to delay the release of the flavour.
If the liquid becomes cloudy, proceed to Step 4a; if the liquid does not become cloudy, proceed to Step 4b.
Step 4a. Add 2% polysorbate 80 (based on the weight of the base liquid) to the liquid obtained in Step 2, and treat it with 40 kHz ultrasonic vibration for at least 10 minutes.
Step 4b. Take WS-23 and menthol in a ratio of 1:3, with the amount of menthol being 10% of the weight of the base liquid. Dissolve the menthol in propylene glycol and add it together with WS-23 to the base liquid to achieve a balanced cooling sensation; add 1% of hydroxy-α-sanshool, 0.2% sucralose, and 0.08% ethyl maltol (all based on the weight of the base liquid) to the base liquid to achieve flavour persistence, sweetness modification, and flavour enhancement, respectively. In this step, after adding hydroxy-α-sanshool, sucralose, and ethyl maltol, 2-5% by weight of tobacco essential oil, 0.03-0.07% rutin, and 0.015-0.025% γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are added to the base liquid to enhance the integration with the natural tobacco flavour and reduce the bitterness during smoking.
Step 5. Mix 1.5% by weight of locust bean gum and 0.8% xanthan gum with the base liquid, and continuously stir at a low speed of 800 rpm to prevent clumping; then, use a high-shear homogenizer at 10000-15000 rpm for at least 20 minutes to achieve homogenization until a stable emulsion with a particle size of <5 μm is obtained, which is the inner liquid material of the burst bead.
Step 6. Quality inspection of the burst bead inner liquid. This includes density, viscosity, pH value, etc.
In conclusion, ascorbyl palmitate has emerged as a critical ingredient in oils, food, beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceutical industries. As a bulk ascorbyl palmitate manufacturer and supplier in China, we sell different grades of ascorbyl palmitate at wholesale prices to clients around the world.